I've slept on the issue a little. I'm surprised how rounded that nut became. The only time I've done that is when I've tried to put a nut back on a long stud, but my socket was too short to have strong contact down the entire height of the nut. The socket then shears off the top edges of the nut as it glides over without biting.
Your socket may be the right diameter, but was your socket too short? They sell impact sockets in deep and short.
Your picture is pretty fuzzy, but if the nut still has decent edges down to the bottom, zapping it with the electric impact and a deep socket may just fix your issue. Nut may just come right out. Then you can get a new replacement nut.
In the future, if you squeeze the driven pulley and push the contra spring down to make room for the belt, you can leave the clutch nut on. Usually contra springs on 50 cc aren't terribly difficult to compress by hand. Other times, I slowly spin the belt as I slide it over the variator boss on the crankshaft driving side. It's definitely easier than trying to press a tight belt onto the shaft. Tips for the next time you're in there.