Documenting this saga here:
I've got a new hypothesis as to the source of the noise. While cleaning and inspecting the belt and final drive, I took off the small 3-bolt cover at the transmission output sprocket, behind which there is a bearing. Looks like the seal on the cover isn't holding, because some rust is present along the bearing's bottom edge. Listening again to the noise, I noticed that the squeaking noise is not matched to engine RPM, but wheel RPM, and only present under throttle - and it only happens after a bit of riding, so things have warmed up. Thinking that throttle application could load that bearing causing it to generate noise if its fouled inside!
Dealer service appointment Thursday, we'll see if they concur.